The cytokines released as a consequence act as major players in various human ailments by providing defense on one hand and disease aggravation on the other hand.
TLRs are type I transmembrane glycoproteins and the member of interleukin-1 receptors superfamily. Ligand-dependent activation of the TLRs leads to a cascade of intracellular protein-protein interactions involving a set of adapter proteins that ultimately leads to the appropriate cellular effects. Despite the importance of TLR signaling in the innate immune system, little is known about the molecular events that trigger the signaling cascade.